Data indicate, however, that it is underdosed with this dosing sc

Data indicate, however, that it is underdosed with this dosing schedule. A prospective, randomized study comparing intermittent versus

loading dose plus continuous infusion for the same total dose of cefazolin was performed to assess which modality is pharmacokinetically and pharmacodynamically advantageous.

Methods: Patients received 2 g cefazolin as a starting dose and then were divided into an intermittent group (receiving another 1 g at 3, 9, and 15 hours after the first dose) and a continuous group (continuous infusion started after the first dose, providing 1 g every 6 hours for 18 hours). Cefazolin levels were measured in blood and atria.

Results: Mean total and calculated free trough concentrations in blood Veliparib varied greatly among patients in

the intermittent group and were lower than those in the continuous group (P<.05 at 15, 18 and 24 hours). For 9 of 10 (90%) patients in the continuous infusion group, the targeted pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic goal (time above minimal inhibitory concentration >90%) was achieved, whereas the goal was met for only 3 of 10 (30%) in the intermittent group (P<.05). AG-014699 clinical trial The mean atrial tissue concentration was also higher with continuous infusion (P<.05).

Conclusions: Administration of cefazolin as bolus plus continuous infusion has pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic advantages relative to intermittent administration. It provides more stable serum levels, lower interpatient variability, and higher myocardial tissue penetration. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010; 140: 471-5)”
“BACKGROUND

Recommendations vary regarding immediate antimicrobial treatment versus watchful waiting for children younger than 2 years

of age with acute otitis media.

METHODS

We randomly assigned 291 children Barasertib manufacturer 6 to 23 months of age, with acute otitis media diagnosed with the use of stringent criteria, to receive amoxicillin-clavulanate or placebo for 10 days. We measured symptomatic response and rates of clinical failure.

RESULTS

Among the children who received amoxicillin-clavulanate, 35% had initial resolution of symptoms by day 2, 61% by day 4, and 80% by day 7; among children who received placebo, 28% had initial resolution of symptoms by day 2, 54% by day 4, and 74% by day 7 (P = 0.14 for the overall comparison). For sustained resolution of symptoms, the corresponding values were 20%, 41%, and 67% with amoxicillin-clavulanate, as compared with 14%, 36%, and 53% with placebo (P = 0.04 for the overall comparison). Mean symptom scores over the first 7 days were lower for the children treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate than for those who received placebo (P = 0.02).

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