27 (1.18–1.36)   1.42 (1.33–1.51)   1.31 (1.15–1.48)  No, never Ref   Ref   Ref    Yes, at least occasionally 1.79 (1.66–1.94)   1.78 (1.67–1.89)   1.64 (1.48–1.83)   Internal workplace

violence and harassment   1.37 (1.27–1.47)   1.39 (1.30–1.48)   1.29 (1.14–1.48)  No, never Ref   Ref   Ref    Yes, at least occasionally 2.85 (2.60–3.12)   2.76 (2.54–2.99)   2.59 (2.26–2.96)   Logistic regression analyses were used in cases with no missing values for the relationships of the situational, work-related, and health factors with the need for recovery presented in columns 2, 4, and 6 Logistic regression analyses were used also for the in columns 3, 5, and 7 presented relationships for, respectively, gender, selleck screening library educational level, and age with need for recovery. These regression coefficients presented are first, without adjustment for other factors (crude), second with adjustment for all

factors mentioned in this table, and third, with adjustment for each factor separately Gender comparison We Selleckchem ARN-509 compared the crude differences in the prevalence of high NFR with the adjusted differences for each factor to explore whether the gender difference would increase or decrease after adjustment for that particular factor. Column 3 of Table 2 shows that selleck kinase inhibitor the gender difference in reporting high NFR among employees with a high educational level (OR = 1.37) was not explained by the demographic, health, and work-related factors examined in this study. The odds ratio only marginally decreased to OR = 1.32 after adjustment for all factors together. Had our model explained gender differences in high prevalence of NFR, the odds ratio would have decreased after adjustment for all these factors. Hence, the Amobarbital factors combined

in the model do not provide sufficient insight in gender differences although all variables in our model were significantly related to high NFR. Looking at the single factors, we found that the lower job autonomy and higher external workplace violence and harassment explained to some extent the higher prevalence of high NFR among highly educated women than among highly educated men. If women would experience the same job autonomy and similar rates of external workplace violence as men, the gender difference in high NFR would decrease, although not completely. Highly educated women’s excess in high NFR appears to be largely counterbalanced by the factors working overtime and time pressure which were reported to be higher in highly educated men. Hence, if highly educated women would work as many hours as highly educated men and under the same time pressure, the gender difference in prevalence of high NFR would be even higher. Education level comparison Among female employees, those with a high education level had 44% higher odds of reporting high NFR when compared with women with a low or intermediate level of education.