Using the Q(t) dependencies obtained as a function of temperature, the time constants of slow relaxation processes were defined and the trap energy levels were evaluated as E(t)=0.7, 0.5, and 0.1 eV.”
“In this study, we have derived equations for the pyroelectric and photogalvanic contribution to the electrical charging of the photosensitive ferroelectric crystal. Standard photorefractive equations are supplemented by the equation of state for the polarization density following

the Devonshire-Ginsburg-Landau (DGL) approach. The photogalvanic voltage and current is considered for a wide intensity range, which includes the cw and the pulsed photoexcitation with high intensities JQ1 clinical trial when the impurity is fully ionized and when the traditional linear-recombination approach is not valid. The crystal electrostatic accelerators, based on charging of ferroelectric crystals by pyroelectric and photogalvanic effects, are discussed in relation to the generation

of the self-focused electron beam, x rays, and neutrons.”
“Over the last decade, there has been a rising interest in the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for clinical applications. This interest stems NVP-HSP990 from the beneficial properties of MSCs, which include multi-lineage differentiation and immunosuppressive ability, suggesting there is a role for MSC therapy for tissue regeneration and in immunologic disease. Despite recent clinical trials investigating the use of MSCs in treating immune-mediated disease, their applicability in solid-organ transplantation is still unknown.

In this review, we identified topics that are important when considering MSC therapy in clinical organ transplantation. Whereas, from other clinical studies, it would appear that administration of MSCs is safe, issues like dosing, timing, route of administration, and in particular the use of autologous or donor-derived MSCs may be of crucial importance for the functional selleck chemical outcome of MSCs treatment in organ transplantation. We discuss these topics and assess the feasibility of MSCs therapy in organ transplantation.”
“The yeast Phaffia rhodozyma is known for producing carotenogenic pigments, commonly used in aquaculture feed formulation as well as in cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Despite the high production of carotenoids from microorganisms by biotechnology, their use has limitation due to the cell wall resistance, which constitutes a barrier to the bioavailability of carotenoids. Therefore, there is a need to improve carotenoids recovering technique from microorganisms for the application of food industries. This study aimed to compare mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic techniques of cell disruption for extracting carotenoids produced by P rhodozyma NRRL Y-17268. Among the techniques studied, the highest specific concentration of carotenoids (190.