Traditional remedies containing extracts of plant galls in China, India and some African countries have effective in the treatment of various pathologies. To open a new promising procedure for screening bioactive compounds from plant galls, standardized plant materials were generated in vitro and used for phytochemical and biological investigations. Methanol aqueous chloroform

and hexane extracts of Nicotiana tabacum leafy galls induced by Rhodococcus fascians were used to evaluate phenolic and 17-AAG molecular weight flavonoid contents, and to investigate antioxidant activity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant/power assays and anti-inflammatory activity by the lipoxygenase inhibition buy SCH 900776 assay. Infection by R. fascians modifies significantly the phytochemical profile of N. tabacum as well as its biological properties. The total polyphenolic content was increased (120–307%), and that of flavonoids was reduced (20–42.5%).

Consequently, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of non-infected tobacco extracts are significantly modified compared to plants treated with leafy gall extracts. This shows that infection by R. fascians favoured the production of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds in N. tabacum. The study indicates the benefit of plant galls used in traditional medicines against various pathologies. “
“Two symptomatic selleck kinase inhibitor tomato plants exhibiting dwarfing, twisting of shoots and leaves, virescence and phyllody of flowers were collected, respectively, from a greenhouse (Soly07fi) or the field (Soly06gh) in the western region of Poland. Direct and nested polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were performed using universal phytoplasma primers P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the PCR products showed that the RFLP profiles of both tested phytoplasma isolates are the same

and that they belong to the phytoplasma 16S rRNA I-C subgroup. The homology between the two strains was 99%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the phytoplasma isolates and other phytoplasma sequences available in the GenBank database indicated that the Polish phytoplasma isolates are most closely related to the phytoplasma 16S rRNA I-C subgroup. “
“Tomato leaf curl Hainan virus (ToLCHnV) was previously reported as a distinct begomovirus infecting tomato in Hainan, China. To investigate the infectivity of ToLCHnV, an infectious clone of ToLCHnV-[CN: HaNHK7] was constructed and agro-inoculated into Solanum lycopersicum, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana glutinosa, Petunia hybrida, Cucumis sativus, Solanum melongena and Capsicum annuum plants; it induced severe leaf curling and crinkling symptoms in these plant species except C. sativus, S. melongena and C. annuum. The induced symptoms were compared with those induced by Papaya leaf curl China virus.