The transmittances at 550 nm and the sheet resistances of various

The transmittances at 550 nm and the sheet resistances of various multilayer cathodes are shown in Table 1. The material composed of TiO2/Ag/TiO2 (TAT) exhibited a transmittance of 68%, whereas that composed of SiO2/Ag/SiO2 (SAS) exhibited a transmittance of 67%. The light

pathway due to multiple reflections leads to a slight decrease in the transmittance of the multilayer [7–9]. The specific resistivity of the metal layer can be calculated by assuming that the total resistance of the material results from the individual resistance of the three single layers coupled in parallel. This is shown in the equation below. Table 1 Transmittances and sheet resistances of various cathodes Conditions Percentage of Sheet   transmittance 550 nm resistance (Ω cm) learn more A1 (20 nm) ~45 13 SiO2/Ag/SiO2 (40:10:40 nm) ~67 2.93 ZnO/Cu/ZnO (58:10:63 nm) ~74 17 ZnO/Cu/ZnO (40:10:40 nm) ~70 17 ZnO/A1/ZnO (40:10:40 nm) ~62 40 TiO2/Ag/TiO2

(40:10:40 nm) ~68 0.7 ZnO/Ag/ZnO (40:10:40 nm) ~90 5 This assumption is justified if the film boundary effects are negligible [7–9]. Silver was found to perform the best as the middle metal layer in sandwiched DMD structures. A pure Ag metal film has the lowest resistivity of all metals and exhibits relatively Crenigacestat supplier low absorption in the visible region. The optical and electrical properties of DMD films can be adjusted to achieve various transmittances with a peak in the spectra by suitably varying the thickness of the Ag layer. TiO2, a dielectric material, is used in the DMD structure because of its high refractive index, good transparency in the visible region, and easy evaporation. SiO2 is very stable and can be used as a protective layer Sclareol on top of the Ag surface to avoid the deterioration

of the properties of the metal during exposure to certain environmental conditions. Ag, SiO2, and TiO2 are also materials that are most frequently used in the fabrication of optical and electrical devices at a relatively low cost. This can be achieved by thin film deposition, applying either evaporation or sputtering methods under normal vacuum conditions. In the case of SAS material, a minimal current seems to flow into the device because of the low conductivity and charge densities for current flow observed within it. However, Kim and Shin [10] reported conductivity enhancement achieved by introducing zinc cations into the amorphous Duvelisib nmr silica layer. This means that we can obtain better current injection into the transparent organic light-emitting diodes by properly treating SAS cathodes. Such cathodes exhibit two separate mechanisms for resonant tunneling current injection: one for the low-voltage region and one for transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) currents for the high-voltage region. In this study, multilayer transparent conductive coatings (DMD) were fabricated for low-temperature-sintered electrodes containing mesoporous TiO2. This compound was chosen as one of the dielectric materials because of its suitable properties as described above.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

*

You may use these HTML tags and attributes: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>