Terminal decelerations (decelerations without recovery of 120 seconds or more) defined the exposure. Terminal bradycardia (10 minutes or more) was secondarily explored. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to estimate risk of acidemia (umbilical cord gas arterial pH level 7.10 or less).
RESULTS: Of 5,388 women meeting inclusion criteria, 951 (17.7%) experienced a terminal deceleration whereas 4,437 (82.3%) did not. The incidence of acidemia among the 951 women with a terminal deceleration was low (1.3%; n=12). However, acidemia (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 18.6; 95% confidence [CI] 5.0-68.9) and higher-level nursery admission (adjusted OR 5.4; 95% CI 1.9-15.3) were
more likely if the terminal deceleration was 10 minutes or more. Terminal decelerations were Cyclopamine inhibitor longer among neonates with acidemia (6.7 minutes compared with 3.2 minutes; P<.01). For every additional 120 seconds of duration beyond the first 120 seconds, there was a corresponding decrease in umbilical cord gas pH level by 0.042 (95% CI 0.040-0.048; P<.01).
CONCLUSIONS: More than 98% of term fetuses with terminal decelerations deliver with normal umbilical cord gas PFTα price pH levels. However, bradycardia is associated with increased risk of acidemia and higher-level nursery admission. This information can be incorporated into clinical decision-making regarding urgency of delivery.”
“The
potential environmental toxicity of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) and three types of nanosilver differing in average particle size from 1 to 20 nm was evaluated using seed germination tests with ryegrass, barley, and flax exposed to 05000 mg L-1 nZVI or 0100 mg L-1 Ag. For nZVI, germination tests were conducted both in water and in two contrasting soils to test the impact of assumed differences in bioavailability of nanoparticles. Inhibitory effects were observed in aqueous suspensions at 250 mg L-1 for nZVI and 10 mg L-1 for Ag. Reduction in shoot growth was a more sensitive endpoint than germination percentage. Complete inhibition of germination
was observed at 10002000 mg L-1 for nZVI. For Ag, complete inhibition was not achieved. The presence of soil had a modest influence on toxicity, and inhibitory effects were observed at 300 mg nZVI L-1 water in soil (equivalent to 1000 mg nZVI Z-IETD-FMK purchase kg-1 soil). Complete inhibition was observed at 750 and 1500 mg L-1 in sandy soil for flax and ryegrass, respectively, while for barley 13% germination still occurred at 1500 mg L-1. In clay soil, inhibition was less pronounced. Our results indicate that nZVI at low concentrations can be used without detrimental effects on plants and thus be suitable for combined remediation where plants are involved. Silver nanoparticles inhibited seed germination at lower concentrations, but showed no clear size-dependant effects, and never completely impeded germination. Thus, seed germination tests seem less suited for estimation of environmental impact of Ag.