n further classified into different gene cluster groups and Cisplatin used for analyses of signaling networks. Other measures for data processing, information search and analyses, such as the use of KEGG, depression, anorexia, dyspnoea, reddening of the skin, edema of the eyelids, conjunctivitis, mild diarrhea, shivering, lamping, and unusually high morbidity and mortality. Studies demonstrated that highly virulent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was the major causative pathogen of the so called high fever disease. Genetic analysis indicated that the H PRRSVs isolated from China and Vietnam shared a discontinuous deletion of 30 aa in non structural protein 2, as compared with the North American type PRRSV strains.

However, the mechanisms underlying the molecular pathogenesis of the H PRRSV that emerged in China and Vietnam have not been elucidated. Preliminary results indicated that PRRSV modulates the host immune responses and alters host gene expres sion. PRRSV infection up regulated expression of mRNA for interleukin 10, interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, myxovirus resistance 1, ubiquitin specific proteases and toll like receptors, and inhibited expression of type I interferons. A study concerning the gen ome wide transcriptional response of primary alveolar macrophages following infection with the Lelys tad PRRSV strain reported that the expression of beta interferon 1 was strongly up regulated while expression of IL 10 and TNF a was up regulated slightly.

A further study concerning the effect of the VR 2332 PRRSV strain on PAM function utilized serial analysis of gene GSK-3 expression and demonstrated that expression of MX1 and USP were significantly up regulated 24 hours post infection. These studies have provided a genome wide gene expression profile of PAMs in vitro following infection with EU PRRSV or NA PRRSV. However, in vitro studies have significant limitations owing to disparities between the in vitro and in vivo environments. Therefore, characterization of host immune responses to PRRSV in vivo is required. PRRSV infection causes widespread apoptosis in pulmonary and lymphoid tissues of infected pigs, but the cause of the increased severity of the symptoms and the unu sually high mortality of pigs infected with H PRRSV remains unknown. High throughput sequencing technology has been adapted for transcriptome analysis.

The technology developed p53/MDM2 interaction by Illumina, also referred to as Digital Gene Expression tag pro filing, allows millions of short RNAs and dif ferentially expressed genes to be identified in a sample without the need for prior annotations. DGE has many advantages including greater sequencing depth, detec tion of unknown transcripts, practical implementation of digital tags, generation of absolute rather than relative gene expression measurements, detection of high levels of differential polyadenylation, detection of low abun dance transcripts and small changes in gene expression, that make it particularly attr