Because of the large final stresses, incorporating nonlinear elasticity into the analysis was necessary to obtain accurate values of the material strength; for the highest stress experiment, the material strength in the final state determined using the linear elastic analysis overestimated the strength
by selleck compound approximately 80%. The use of XRD measurements and the nonlinear elastic analysis method for strength determination in the shocked state is expected to be particularly useful for extreme pressures and temperatures where continuum methods for strength determination may face experimental limitations. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3597817]“
“The mono-azo dye Reactive Red 195 (RR 195) is a widely used color compound in the textile industry As many other colors it is persistent and difficult to be removed from water with conventional processes
The present study investigates biological decolorization of RR 195 under alternate anaerobic-aerobic conditions in a laboratory scale Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) containing a mixed culture and fed with a biodegradable carbon source Different values of the Sludge Retention Time (SRT) Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) influent color and organic carbon loadings were adopted during the experimental activity and their effects on color and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiencies and process kinetics determined The optimal operating conditions were found to be 800 mg l(-1) PKC inhibitor Influent COD 50d SRT and a 24 h-cycle Under these conditions the selleck chemicals llc maximum color efficiency of 97% was achieved for a 40 mg l(-1) RR 195 in the feed Some inhibition was present at influent color loadings above 40 mg l(-1) which
was confirmed by the application of the Haldane model (C)2010 Elsevier BV All rights reserved”
“The ability to discriminate all species is the ultimate target in barcoding. The Mediterranean basin is a center of origin for legumes and thus they have played a key role in feeding the Mediterranean population. It is also a region with important protected designation of origin and protected geographical indication legumes that provide income in rural areas. We evaluated the use of two chloroplast regions, trnL and rpoC1, and a nuclear internal transcriber region, ITS2, for their efficiency to barcode the main Mediterranean leguminous crops. Twenty-five legume species were studied. Plant material of pasture and legumes was obtained from the Greek GenBank and the Fodder Crops and Pastures Institute (National Agricultural Research Foundation). DNA was extracted with the Qiagen DNeasy plant mini-kit and PCR amplification was performed using the Kapa Taq DNA polymerase using primers amplifying the chloroplast trnL and rpoC1 regions or the nuclear region ITS2. PCR products were sequenced and the sequences were aligned using CLUSTAL W. Species identification based on the sequence similarity approach was performed using the GenBank database.