Table 2 Sequence conservation of four selected siRNA targets in 327 HBV strains Genotype (No. of HBV strains) Number of strains with identical sequence with siRNA(%) Subtype (No. of HBV strains)   B245 B376 B1581 B2379   Genotype A (63) 61(96.8) 62(98.4) 62(98.4) 63(100) Aa(45), Ac(9), Ae(9) Genotype B(72) 69(95.8) 49(68.1)* 71(98.6) 70(97.2) Bj(9), Ba(38), B3(7), B4(8), B5(4), B6(6) Genotype C(58) 53(91.4) 46(79.3)* 57(98.3) 56(96.6) C1(38), C2(13), C3(2), C4(2), C5(3) Genotype D(30) 29(96.7) 29(96.7) 28(93.3) 28(93.3) D1(11), D2(6), D3(8), D4(5) Genotype E(34) 33(97.1) 34(100) 33(97.1)

33(97.1) F1(4), F2(14) Genotype F(18) 15(83.3) 18(100) 18(100) 18(100)   www.selleckchem.com/products/CX-6258.html Genotype G(17) 17(100) 17(100) 15(88.2) 16(94.1)   Genotype H(13) 13(100) 13(100) 12(92.3) SYN-117 ic50 13(100)   Genotype I(22) 21(95.5) 22(100) 22(100) 22(100) I1(10), I2(12) Total (327) 311(95.1) 290(88.7)* 318(97.3) 319(97.6)   a: An asterisk represents

a statistical difference of P < 0.05 in comparison with B376 and others. Figure 1 A schematic diagram depicting the locations of siRNA targets in association with viral open reading frames and viral mRNAs within the HBV genome. The circular HBV genome is presented in a linear form. The coding regions for e/core, surface, polymerase, and X proteins are displayed and designated as Pc/C, S, P, and X, respectively. The relative locations of the target sites of B245, B376, B1581 and B1789 are also indicated by arrowheads. Adverse side-effects evaluation for selected shRNA plasmids The B245, B376, B1581, and

B1789 plasmids were transfected into Huh7 cells to determine mTOR kinase assay cytotoxicity by the WST-8 assay. No significant siRNA-induced cytotoxicity was observed for these siRNA when compared to an empty pSUPER vector (p = 0.66, data not shown). The mRNA levels of four major interferon stimulated genes (STAT1, OAS1, GBP1 and MX1) in transfected cells were measured by quantitative realtime PCR with GAPDH mRNA acting as a control. As shown in Figure 2, between values 1 and 2, logarithmic increases for ADP ribosylation factor the IFN-stimulatable mRNAs were only observed in the IFN-treated cells, but not observed in any of the shRNA treated cells vs. untreated cells. From this, it can be concluded that an IFN response is not activated by these anti-HBV siRNAs. Figure 2 The expression profile of four major interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) in shRNA plasmids transfected cells. Cytoplasmic RNAs, from Huh7 cells treated with or without IFNα-2a or transfected with either pSUPER vector or shRNA plasmids, were analysed by realtime RT-PCR for IFN stimulated genes STAT1, OAS1, GBP1 and MX1. The values on the figure, plotted as “”Relative gene expression level”" on the y-axis, were calculated as the mRNA levels of ISGs divided by the GAPDH (control) mRNA level. Student t test was used to assess the difference between shRNA plasmids (including empty pSUPER vector) of transfected cells and non-transfected cells (mock).